1889 in Brazil

Brazil-related events during the year of 1889

1889 in Brazil
Years 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891
Flag
21 stars (1889–1960)
Timeline of Brazilian history
First Brazilian Republic
Year of Constitution: 1824

Events in the year 1889 in Brazil.

Incumbents

Monarch: Pedro II (until 15 November)
President: Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca (de facto, from 15 November)
Vice-President: none
Prime Minister:
- João Alfredo Correia de Oliveira (until 7 June)
- Afonso Celso, Viscount of Ouro Preto (from 7 June to 15 November)
- none (from 15 November)

Alagoas: Government Junta (18 November-21), Tiburcio Valerio de Araujo (21 November-2 December), Pedro Paulino da Fonseca (starting 2 December)
Amazonas: Government Junta (starting 21 November)
Bahia: Virginio Climaco Damasio then Manuel Vitorino Pereira
Ceará: Luis Antonio Ferraz (starting 16 November)
Goiás: Government Junta (starting 7 December)
Maranhão:
Mato Grosso: Antonio Maria Coelho
Minas Gerais: Antonio Olinto dos Santos Pires
Pará: Justo Chermont (starting 17 December)
Paraíba: Venancio Neiva (starting 17 November)
Paraná: Francisco José Cardoso Júnior then José Marques Guimarães
Pernambuco: José Cerqueira de Aguiar Lima (16 November-12 December), José Simeão de Oliveira (starting 12 December)
Piauí: Gregório Taumaturgo de Azevedo (starting 26 December)
Rio Grande do Norte: Pedro de Albuquerque Maranhão (17 November-6 December), Adolfo Afonso da Silva Gordo (starting 6 December)
Rio Grande do Sul: Government Junta (starting 17 November)
Santa Catarina: Lauro Müller (starting 2 December)
São Paulo: Government Junta (starting 14 December)
Sergipe: Junta Governativa Sergipana (starting 14 November), Felisbelo Firmo de Oliveira Freire (starting 2 December)

3 May – The Cabinet of João Alfredo Correia de Oliveira loses a vote of no confidence.

7 June – Afonso Celso de Assis Figuereido, Viscount of Ouro Preto, is appointed to replace Correia de Oliveira as prime minister.^[1]

July – Emperor Dom Pedro II travels to Minas Gerais, demonstrating both that he is still actively engaged in government and the depth of support for the monarchy in the province.^[2]^[3]

11 November – Republicans meet at the home of Rui Barbosa to plan a coup. The chief organizers are Benjamin Constant, Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca, Quintino Bocaiúva and Aristides Lobo.
15 November – A coup d'état institutes the First Brazilian Republic.^[4]^[5]^[6]
17 November – Emperor Dom Pedro II and his family are sent into exile in Europe.^[7]
19 November – A new national flag, devised by Raimundo Teixeira Mendes, is adopted by the republic.
20 November – Argentina becomes the first nation to recognize the new government of Deodoro da Fonseca.

24 December – The former royal family receive official notice that they will never be allowed to return to Brazil.

2 December – Anita Malfatti, artist (d. 1964)^[8]
unknown date – José Maria de Santo Agostinho, mystic (d. 1912)^{[citation needed]}

29 March – Teófilo Dias, poet, journalist and lawyer (b. 1854)^[9]
26 June – Tobias Barreto, poet, philosopher, jurist and critic (b. 1839)^[10]
28 June – Francisco Otaviano, poet, lawyer, diplomat, journalist and politician (b. 1825)
21 October – Irineu Evangelista de Sousa, Viscount of Mauá, entrepreneur, industrialist, banker and politician (b. 1813)
28 December – Empress Teresa Cristina, wife of Emperor Dom Pedro II (b. 1822)^[11]

^ Carvalho, José Murilo de (2007). D. Pedro II: ser ou não ser (in Portuguese). São Paulo: Companhia das Letras. p. 205. ISBN 978-85-359-0969-2.
^ Barman, Roderick J. (1999). Citizen Emperor: Pedro II and the Making of Brazil, 1825–1891. Stanford: Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-3510-0.
^ Calmon, Pedro (1975). História de D. Pedro II (in Portuguese). Vol. 1–5. Rio de Janeiro: José Olímpio. p. 352.
^ Barman, Roderick J. (1999). Citizen Emperor: Pedro II and the Making of Brazil, 1825–1891. Stanford: Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-3510-0.
^ Calmon, Pedro (1975). História de D. Pedro II (in Portuguese). Vol. 1–5. Rio de Janeiro: José Olímpio.
^ Lira, Heitor (1977). História de Dom Pedro II (1825–1891): Declínio (1880–1891) (in Portuguese). Vol. 3. Belo Horizonte: Itatiaia.
^ Carvalho, José Murilo de (2007). D. Pedro II: ser ou não ser (in Portuguese). São Paulo: Companhia das Letras. p. 220. ISBN 978-85-359-0969-2.
^ Barbara A. Tenenbaum (1996). Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture. Scribner. p. 500. ISBN 978-0-684-19253-6.
^ Teófilo Dias' biography at the official site of the Brazilian Academy of Letters (in Portuguese)
^ Tobias Barreto's biography at the official site of the Brazilian Academy of Letters (in Portuguese)
^ Barman, Roderick J. (1999). Citizen Emperor: Pedro II and the Making of Brazil, 1825–1891. Stanford: Stanford University Press. p. 371. ISBN 978-0-8047-3510-0.

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Years in Brazil (1822–present)

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v t e 1889 in South America
Sovereign states	Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Guyana Paraguay Peru Suriname Uruguay Venezuela
Dependencies and other territories	Falkland Islands French Guiana South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands

v t e 1889 in Latin America and the Caribbean
Caribbean	Antigua and Barbuda Aruba Bahamas Barbados Cuba Curaçao Dominica Dominican Republic Grenada Haiti Jamaica Puerto Rico Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Sint Maarten Trinidad and Tobago
Central America	Belize Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Nicaragua Panama
Middle America	Mexico
South America	Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador French Guiana Guyana Paraguay Peru Suriname Uruguay Venezuela
Dependencies not included. Semi-autonomous territories are in italics.